Neodymium hlau nplaum tseem hu ua NdFeB hlau nplaum, uas yog cov hlau nplaum muaj zog tshaj plaws tam sim no, thiab nws tuaj yeem nqus tau 640 npaug ntawm nws tus kheej qhov hnyav, yog li nws hu ua hlau nplaum muaj zog. Nws cov hardness siab thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov yog feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li hard disk, xov tooj ntawm tes, headphones, thiab lwm yam.
Nco ntsoov tias cov hlau nplaum neodymium yog sintered, thaum cov hlau nplaum zoo tib yam yog cam khwb cia, yog li qhov saum npoo yooj yim rau xeb vim yog cov neodymium thiab hlau hauv cov khoom, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ua qee qhov kev tiv thaiv plating, uas yog ib qho ntawm nws qhov tsis zoo.
Ib lub hlau nplaum raws li peb paub tias nws yog ib yam khoom uas tawm tsam thiab sib nyiam. Cov hlau nplaum yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau, npib tsib xee thiab cobalt, uas nws tus kheej muaj qhov sib nqus ntawm cov qauv sab hauv hauv tib qho kev taw qhia, ib qho kawg ntawm tus ncej qaum teb (N ncej) thiab ib qho kawg ntawm sab qab teb ncej (S ncej).
Yog li vim li cas thiaj muaj ntau yam khoom nyob rau hauv qhov uas tsis yog hlau nplaum? Cov khoom siv hlau nplaum hauv hlau, npib tsib xee, thiab cobalt sib txawv hauv qhov uas cov electrons nyob rau hauv nws yog spontaneously teem nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, uas ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlau nplaum thiab ua ib tug hlau nplaum.
Cov hlau nplaum nyiam cov hlau hauv cov txheej txheem nqus hlau, thiab cov hlau nplaum "sticks" rau cov hlau, yog li peb hais tias cov hlau nplaum yog hlau nplaum, uas yog, cov hlau nplaum tuaj yeem nqus tau hlau tab sis tsis yog txhuas, tooj liab thiab lwm yam khoom, cov qauv sab hauv ntawm cov hlau sib txawv yog txawv. Chav tsev ntawm magnetic induction yog Tesla, abbreviated li Ter (T).
Cov hlau nplaum tau muab faib ua cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov thiab cov hlau nplaum tsis ruaj khov, cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim uas tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom sib nqus tau ntev thiab tsis yooj yim demagnetized, xws li magnetite. Cov hlau nplaum tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev mob los ua hlau nplaum.
Cov hlau nplaum ntuj tau pom los ntawm tib neeg 5000 xyoo dhau los.
2300 xyoo dhau los, cov neeg Suav tau muab cov hlau nplaum ntuj tso rau hauv ib rab diav thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw du, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm geomagnetism, rab diav tuav cov lus qhia, lub ntiaj teb thawj lub compass.
1000 xyoo dhau los, cov Suav tau ua lub ntiaj teb thawj lub compass los ntawm kev txhuam cov hlau nplaum nrog cov hlau nplaum kom hlau nplaum.
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1100, Suav tau ua ib lub nplhaib hlau nplaum los ntawm kev sib txuas ib rab koob hlau nplaum thiab ib qho azimuth disk ua ke, thiab siv nws rau kev taw qhia.
Nyob rau hauv 1820, Danish physicists pom tias hluav taws xob tam sim no induced magnetism.
Nyob rau xyoo 1930, Nyiv tau pom ib lub hlau nplaum tshiab nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm npib tsib xee, txhuas thiab cobalt.
Nyob rau xyoo 1970, cov kws tshawb fawb Nyij Pooj tau tsim cov hlau nplaum neodymium, uas hu ua "cov hlau nplaum tas mus li".