Cov hlau nplaum yog ib yam khoom uas tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom siv hlau xws li hlau thiab npib tsib xee. Nws cov hlau nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum saum npoo. Surface magnetism yog hais txog qhov sib nqus induction ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov, uas feem ntau hu ua magnetic force. Cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum yog hais txog cov hlau nplaum uas tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas muaj nyob hauv nws, uas tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom siv hlau ib puag ncig xws li hlau thiab npib tsib xee.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum sab hauv, xws li hlau, cobalt, npib tsib xee thiab lwm yam khoom. Cov tshuaj no yog magnetic nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej. Thaum lawv sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, lawv yuav tsim ib cheeb tsam nrog ib tug kuj muaj zog magnetic teb, uas yog dab tsi peb hu ua lub magnetic ncej. Cov ncej hlau nplaum no tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom siv hlau nyob ib puag ncig thiab tsim cov nyhuv sib nqus, uas kuj yog cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum.
Nto magnetism yog tsim los ntawm sab nraud electromagnetic nkaus. Cov hlau nplaum tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib nqus hauv cov hlau nplaum yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob ib puag ncig thiab tsim ib qho chaw electromagnetic. Thaum ib yam khoom hlau los ze rau saum npoo, lub zog sib nqus yuav raug tsim tawm. Lub zog sib nqus no tsis yog qhov kev nyiam tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum hauv cov hlau nplaum, tab sis lub zog sib nqus los ntawm cov nyhuv electromagnetic sab nraud.
Muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm ob hom hlau nplaum no. Cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov chaw sib nqus sab nraud, thaum lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum saum npoo yog nyob ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, xws li kub, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, thaum peb ntsuas cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov hlau nplaum, peb yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los ntsuas nws, thaum peb tuaj yeem siv cov hlau nplaum los ntsuas qhov chaw hlau nplaum.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom hlau nplaum no kuj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm lub hom phiaj. Surface magnetism feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li motors, generators, thiab hluav taws xob circuits, thaum hlau nplaum tau siv dav hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, xws li kev tsim tshuab, motors, tsheb, disks, thiab lwm yam.
Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si hlau nplaum thiab nto hlau nplaum muaj hlau nplaum, lawv qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tseem loj heev. Los ntawm kev nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm ob, peb muaj kev nkag siab tob txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab nws daim ntawv thov, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv cov yam ntxwv no zoo dua rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev loj hlob.
